Energy Conversion and Management

Recommended Prerequisites

Mathematical Analysis I, Mathematical Analysis II, Mathematical Analysis III, Physics, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Complements of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Heat and Mass Transfer.

Teaching Methods

The methodology followed in the lectures consists first to motivate the student to study the subject to be presented and secondly to present the subject in an understandable way for the student. The presentation in the class is done using audiovisual media in digital format such as the projection of images and movies.

The methodology followed in theoretical and practical classes consists in solving theoretical and practical problems carefully chosen. Evaluation method:

2 Numerical simulation practical work reports, 15 %

8 Problem solving reports, 20 %

Midterm Exam or Exam, 65 %.

Learning Outcomes

Students must acquire the knowledge of the foundations of the science of combustion, apply this fundamental knowledge to describe and analyse combustion phenomena and solve combustion problems, acquire knowledge of practical applications (e.g. boilers, gas turbines) and of their economic and environmental relevance. The fundamental areas of knowledge of the science of combustion are thermochemistry, the processes of heat, mass and momentum transfer, in the laminar and turbulent regimes, fluid mechanics and chemical kinetics. The combustion problems to which this basic knowledge is applied are premixed flames and jet difusion flames in the laminar and turbulent regimes, droplet evaporation and combustion, solids combustion, detonations in gases, ignition and extinction of premixed flames and the calculation of the properties and composition of the combustion products. Study of gas, vapor and combined power cycles.

Work Placement(s)

No

Syllabus

Introduction. Properties of gases and kinetic theory of gases. Combustion and thermochemistry: enthalpy of reaction and heating value; adiabatic flame temperatures; chemical equilibrium. Molecular processes of heat transfer and mass diffusion in binary and multicomponent mixtures. Chemical kinetics: elementary reaction rates; rates of reaction for multistep mechanisms; relation between rate coefficients and equilibrium constants. Some important chemical mechanisms. Coupling chemical kinetics and thermochemistry of reacting systems. Conservation equations for reacting flows. Deflagration and detonation waves of premixed gases. Premixed laminar flames. Ignition and extinction of premixed flames. Laminar diffusion flames. Droplet evaporation and combustion. Turbulent premixed flames. Turbulent diffusion flames. Burning of solids. Pollutant combustion products. Gas power cycles. Vapor and combined power cycles.

Head Lecturer(s)

Pedro de Figueiredo Vieira Carvalheira

Assessment Methods

Assessment
2 Numerical simulation practical work reports: 15.0%
Resolution Problems: 20.0%
Exam: 65.0%

Bibliography

1. Turns, Stephen R., An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill series in Mechanical Engineering, 2011.

2. Borman, Gary L., and Ragland, Kenneth W., Combustion Engineering, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill series in Mechanical Engineering, 1998.

3. Poling, Bruce E., Prausnitz, John M., O’Connell, John, The Properties of Gases & Liquids, 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill Chemical Engineering Series, Singapore, 2001.

4. Çengel, Yunus A., Boles, Michael A., Kanoglu, Mehmet, Thermodynamics, An Engineering Approach, 9th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2019.

5. Kuo, Kenneth K., Principles of Combustion, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1986.

6. Bergman, T .L., Lavine, A. S., Incropera, F.P., DeWitt, D.P., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, 8th ed., 2017.

7. White, Frank M., Fluid Mechanics, 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2011.

8. Chase, M.W., Jr. et al. (eds.), JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 14 (Suppl. 1), 1985.