Hydraulics II

Recommended Prerequisites

Basic knowledge of algebra, mathematical analysis, numerical methods, general physics and fluid mechanics.

Teaching Methods

Presentation of the concepts and development of the expressions in the Theoretical Lessons that allow to solve the practical problems in the Practical (Theoretical-Practical) lessons. The student is, as much as possible, considered as an active element in the learning process. Beyond the bibliography of the course unit and of some elements of study, additional sheets with exercises and useful forms for the resolution of the practical problems are make available along the semester.

Learning Outcomes

Suitable learning in basic Hydraulics, in the field of open channel flows and related areas, necessary for the usual exercise of the profession, in order to allow the assimilation of the basic concepts of the scientific area and the identification, understanding and resolution of the more common hydraulic problems.  Learning of the basic scientific contents relative to open channel uniform flows, open channel gradually and rapidly varied steady flows, hydraulic jump and their main applications, flow through orifices and weirs, as well as to the more common hydraulic measurements, like level, pressure, velocity and volumetric flow rate. Development of the capacity of analysing the physical phenomena and of applying the conceptual models through the resolution of application problems. Reinforcement of abilities of interpretation, conception, and analysis, including the critical spirit relatively to the involved approximations, as well as of communication and independent learning.

Work Placement(s)

No

Syllabus

Open channel flows

Uniform flows. Specific energy and flow control. Steady flows. Gradually varied flows. Qualitative water surface profile and computation of gradually varied steady flows. Hydraulic jump and their main applications. Reference to some more advanced topics.

Flow through orifices and weirs

Orifices of thin wall and of thick wall. Nozzles and tubes. Submerged orifices. Openings regulated by gates. Sharp crested and broad-crested weirs.

Hydraulic measurements

Common hydraulic measurements. Measurements of level, of pressure, of velocity and of volumetric flow rate. Devices more frequently used in the common hydraulic measurements.

Head Lecturer(s)

António Manuel Abreu Freire Diogo

Assessment Methods

Assessment
Resolution Problems: 10.0%
Mini Tests: 20.0%
Frequency: 70.0%

Bibliography

Quintela, A. C. (2002), “Hidráulica”, 8ª Edição, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa.

Lencastre, A. (1996), “Hidráulica Geral”, Lisboa.

Manzanares, A. A. (1980), “Hidráulica Geral II-Escoamentos líquidos”, Técnica, AEIST, Lisboa.

Novais-Barbosa, J. (1985), “Mecânica dos Fluidos e Hidráulica Geral”, Vol. 1, Porto Editora.

Novais-Barbosa, J. (1986), “Mecânica dos Fluidos e Hidráulica Geral”, Vol. 2, Porto Editora.

Pimenta, C. F., (1977), “Curso de Hidráulica Geral”, 3ª Edição, Vol. 1, São Paulo.

Finnemore, E. J. and Franzini, J. B. (2002), “Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications”, 10th Edition – International Edition, McGraw-Hill Higher Education.