Combustion in Fire Safety Engineering

Recommended Prerequisites

Mathematical Analysis I, Mathematical Analysis II, Mathematical Analysis III, Physics, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Complements of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Heat and Mass Transfer.

Teaching Methods

The methodology followed in the lectures consists of firstly to motivate the student to study the subject to be presented, and secondly to present the subject in a way that is intelligible to the student. The presentation of the class is done using audiovisual media in digital format such as the projection of images and movies. After the theoretical presentation of the subjects, the classes proceed with the resolution of carefully chosen practical problems to arrive at an interesting and as general as possible result.

Learning Outcomes

The students must acquire the fundamental and advanced knowledge of the science of combustion, apply this knowledge to analyse and describe combustion phenomena and solve combustion problems. The students must also acquire knowledge of the practical applications of combustion in the prevention and prediction of the propagation of fires, with the objective of better control and fight them, and of the relevance of this knowledge in the issues of fire safety. The areas of fundamental knowledge that constitute the science of combustion are thermochemistry, the processes of heat, mass and momentum transfer in laminar and turbulent regime, fluid mechanics and chemical kinetics. The problems of combustion where this basic knowledge is applied are deflagrations and detonations in gases, premixed laminar and turbulent flames, ignition and extinction of premixed flames, laminar and turbulent jet diffusion flames, droplet evaporation and burning and solids combustion.

Work Placement(s)

No

Syllabus

Introduction. Properties of the gases and kinetic theory of gases. Combustion and thermochemistry: Enthalpy of reaction and heating value; adiabatic flame temperatures; chemical equilibrium. Molecular processes of heat transfer and mass diffusion in binary and multicomponent mixtures. Chemical kinetics: Elementary reaction rates; Rates of reaction of multistep mechanisms; Relation between rate coefficients and equilibrium constants. Some important chemical mechanisms. Coupling chemical and thermal analysis of reacting systems. Conservation equations for reacting flows. Deflagration and detonation waves of premixed gases. Premixed laminar flames. Ignition and extinction of premixed flames. Laminar diffusion flames. Droplet evaporation and combustion. Turbulent premixed flames. Turbulent diffusion flames. Burning of solids. Pollutant combustion products. Fuels.

Assessment Methods

Assessment
Other: 15.0%
Resolution Problems: 20.0%
Exam: 65.0%

Bibliography

1. Turns, S. R., An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2012

2. Borman, G. L., and Ragland, K. W., Combustion Engineering, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1998.

3. Poling, Bruce E., Prausnitz, John M., O’Connell, John, The Properties of Gases & Liquids, 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill, Singapore, 2001.

4. Kuo, Kenneth K., Principles of Combustion, John Wiley & Sons, 1986.

5. Çengel, Yunus A., Boles, Michael A., Kanoglu, Mehmet, Thermodynamics, An Engineering Approach, 9^th Ed, McGraw-Hill, 2019.

6. Bergman, T .L., Lavine, A. S., Incropera, F.P., DeWitt, D.P., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, 8th ed., 2017.

7. White, F. M., Fluid Mechanics, 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2016.

8. Chase, M.W., Jr. et al. (eds.), JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 14 (Suppl. 1), 1985.

9. https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/CEAWeb/ceaThermoBuild.htm

10. Rumble, J.(ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 100th Edition, CRC Press, 2019.