Drug Monitoring in Personalized Pharmacotherapy

Recommended Prerequisites

It is recommended that the student has knowledge of the concepts taught in the General Pharmacology, Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacology I curricular units. Additionally, it is desirable to know English and Spanish, as some supporting material can be provided in these languages.

Teaching Methods

Theoretical classes will consist of oral exposition of the subjects, with integrated pedagogical methodologies (collaborative learning and flipped learning) that encourage the student's active participation in the learning process and motivate them.

Some of the will be based on the case-based learning (CBL) methodology, consisting on the discussion of clinical cases that apply theoretical concepts and simultaneously simulate the reality of clinical practice, with analysis, interpretation and discussion of results.

Learning Outcomes

his curricular unit has a high interest for pharmaceutical activity as the students will acquire theoretical and practical knowledge that will allow them to promote the correct use of drugs, through the individualization and optimization of the dosing regimens  to guarantee an effective and safe pharmacotherapy.

After this curricular unit, students should:

- Recognize the factors that contribute to inter- and intra-individual variability in drug efficacy and safety

- Predict the effect of physiopathological on drugs pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics;

- Interpretate plasma concentration time curves.

- Identify drugs and special populations that should undergo pharmacokinetic monitoring;

- Be able to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and use them to individualize/optimize the dose and the dose interval;

- Apply different techniques and softwares for monitoring and dosage individualization;

- Delineate and optimize therapeutic dosage regimens. 

Work Placement(s)

No

Syllabus

Drug plasma concentration monitoring in clinical practice: concepts, objectives; therapeutic range and impact of intra- and inter-individual variability on pharmacological response; relevance in personalized pharmacotherapy.

Drug monitoring methodologies and methods of dosage individualization.

Influence of physiological (age, sex, weight, pregnancy), pathological factors (hepatic, renal, cardiac, cancer patients) on the safety and efficacy of drugs.

Pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics: influence of genetic factors on drug safety and efficacy (genetic variability in metabolic enzymes and transporters,…).

Influence of clinical factors on drug safety and efficacy: pharmacological interactions, fluid therapy, mechanical ventilation.

Translation into the clinical scenario (drug monitoring/individualization/dosing correction):antiepileptics, immunossupressants, monoclonal antibodies and oncologic patients.

Create protocols pharmacokinetic monitoring of drugs.

Head Lecturer(s)

Ana Cristina Bairrada Fortuna

Assessment Methods

Assessment
Synthesis work: 25.0%
Exam: 75.0%

Bibliography

BAUER L. Applied Clinical Pharmacokinetics 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill. 2014

BAUER L. Clinical Pharmacokinetics Handbook. McGraw-Hill. 2005

BURTON E, SHAW LM, SCHENTAG JJ, EVANS WE. Applied Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics. Principles of Therapeutics  Drug  Monitoring.  4ªEd, Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2006.

DIPIRO JT. Concepts in Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Fifth Ed. American Society for Health System Pharmacists. 2010.

EVANS, W. & SCHENTAG, W.J. (1992); Applied Pharmacokinetics: Principles of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 3th Ed. Vancouver: Applied Therapeutics.

WINTER M.E. Basic Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 5th Ed, Williams & Wilkins 2010.

R. Silva, …, A. Fortuna, doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100943

R. Silva, …, A. Fortuna, DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092127

R. Silva, …, A. Fortuna, DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061704

M. Aquino, …, A. Fortuna, DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020373

Bibliografia complementar fornecida pela Professora.